Export is one of the most important tools for expanding international trade and contributing to the economic development of countries. To succeed in exporting, awareness of the key steps and important aspects of the process is essential. In this article, we will review the main steps of exporting, from document preparation to shipping goods.
1. Market Research and Product Selection
The first step in exporting is researching target markets and identifying their needs. Choosing the right product, one that has high demand and the ability to compete in the international market, is of great importance. For this purpose, export data, trade exhibitions, and chambers of commerce can be utilized.
2. Obtaining a Business Card (Customs Card)
A business card (کارت بازرگانی) is a license issued by the Chamber of Commerce and is required for international trade activities. This card must be issued in the name of either a natural person or a legal entity, and without it, exporting is not possible.
3. Preparing Legal Documents
The following documents are required for exporting goods:
- Proforma Invoice: Includes detailed information about the goods, price, payment terms, and delivery conditions.
- Certificate of Origin: Confirms that the goods were produced in the exporting country.
- Packing List: Includes details of the packaging of the goods.
- Insurance Certificate: Provides coverage for potential risks during transportation.
4. Marketing and Finding Buyers
After selecting the product, you need to identify potential buyers. For this, you can use international trade shows, B2B websites like Alibaba and Global Sources, as well as connect with chambers of commerce.
5. Signing an Export Contract
At this stage, the export contract is negotiated with the buyer. The contract should include detailed information such as product specifications, price, delivery terms (Incoterms), shipping schedule, and payment methods.
6. Preparing Goods and Quality Inspection
After the agreement, the goods must be produced or procured according to the specifications of the contract. Quality inspection by reputable organizations such as SGS is essential to ensure that the products comply with international standards.
7. Customs Formalities
The goods must pass through the customs of the exporting country. For this, an export declaration is prepared, and the necessary documents are submitted to customs. Customs duties are also paid at this stage.
8. Selecting the Shipping Method
The method of transporting goods (sea, air, land, or rail) should be chosen based on the type of goods, delivery time, and costs. Coordination with reputable transportation companies is crucial.
9. Shipping the Goods to the Destination
After completing all the steps, the goods are shipped to the destination. At this stage, tracking the shipment and ensuring the delivery to the buyer is essential to guarantee customer satisfaction.
10. Receiving Payment and Export Currency
Finally, after the goods are delivered, payment is made according to the contract. Proper management of export currency and its deposit into the country’s banking system is also part of this process.
Conclusion
Export is a complex and time-consuming process that requires awareness, precision, and careful planning. By following the steps outlined and seeking guidance from trade experts, you can have a successful experience in this field.
